Cryopreservation and Cryotolerance Mechanism in Zygotic Embryo and Embryogenic Callus of Oil Palm

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is the highest oil-yielding commercially grown perennial tree. germplasm conservation and in vitro clonal propagation strengthened world’s efforts to ensure future food security. Cryopreservation provides long-term storage for germplasm. The of plant material at cryogenic temperatures (−196 °C) following dehydration causes cryoinjury. cryotolerance mechanism has rarely been studied oil zygotic embryos (ZE) embryogenic calli (EC). A simple effective cryopreservation method was established ZE. ZE surrounded by endosperm air-dried 3 days without any complicated chemical pre-treatments before cryopreservation, while viability rate germination could reach up 96.67% 90.88%, respectively. As EC, preferred be pre-culture liquid MS medium with 0.3 M sucrose 12 h PVS2 treatment 5 min prior reached 68.33%. SSR markers were used verify genetic stability after cryopreservation. In addition, changes enzyme activities (CAT, POD, SOD) showed a consistent trend H2O2 production among samples, indicating that these antioxidants involved ROS scavenging. Furthermore, differently expressed genes (DEGs) related ROS, osmotic, cold stress responses selected correlation network analysis. Most (RBOH, PAO, PRX) scavenging (APX, PER, SOD, CAT, GPX, AOX) higher expression levels suggesting EC more sensitive oxidative than further summarized accordingly. These results contributed methods provided better understanding palm.